Modeling the Mullins effect in elastomers swollen by palm biodiesel
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Constitutive modeling of the Mullins effect and cyclic stress softening in filled elastomers.
The large strain behavior of filled rubbers is characterized by the strong Mullins effect, permanent set, and induced anisotropy. Strain controlled cyclic tests also exhibit a pronounced hysteresis as a strain rate independent phenomenon. Prediction of these inelastic features in elastomers is an important challenge with immense industrial and technological relevance. In the present paper, a mi...
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We experimentally investigate, in detail, electromechanical effects in liquid-crystal elastomers (LCEs) previously swollen with low-molecular-weight liquid crystals (LMWLCs). Both polydomain (POLY) and monodomain (MONO) LCEs were studied. We used a well known LMWLC, 4-n-pentyl-4-cyanobiphenyl (5CB) as a solvent. After swelling POLY and MONO LCEs (LSCE) with 5CB, shape changes were measured by r...
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As compared to petroleum diesel, biodiesel is more corrosive for automotive materials. Studies on the characterization of corrosion products of fuel exposed automotive materials are scarce. Automotive fuel system and engine components are made from different ferrous and non-ferrous materials. The present study aims to investigate the corrosion products of different types of automotive materials...
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Production of fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) from palm fatty acid distillate (PFAD) having high free fatty acids (FFA) was investigated in this work. Batch esterifications of PFAD were carried out to study the influence of: including reaction temperatures of 70–100 1C, molar ratios of methanol to PFAD of 0.4:1–12:1, quantity of catalysts of 0–5.502% (wt of sulfuric acid/wt of PFAD) and reaction...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: International Journal of Engineering Science
سال: 2015
ISSN: 0020-7225
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijengsci.2015.06.005